Indian Minerology

Blast Design Parameters in Surface Mining: Key Factors for Optimal Fragmentation and Safety Blast design parameters in surface mining form the backbone of efficient open-cast operations, determining fragmentation, muck pile shape, and overall productivity. Whether you're overseeing coal mines in India or iron ore pits in Australia, mastering these parameters ensures cost-effective blasting while prioritizing safety under regulations like DGMS in India or MSHA in the USA. Caption: Aerial view of a controlled surface mining blast, highlighting optimal muck pile formation from precise blast design parameters. 👉 You May Read Now Drilling & Blasting Cost per Ton in Mining – Complete Technical Guide with Calculation Method (2026) Why Blast Design Parameters Matter in the Mining Industry In surface mining, blasting breaks overburden and ore for easier excavation. Poor blast design parameters lead to overbreak, flyrock, or oversized fragments, hiking seco...

Drilling & Blasting Cost per Ton in Mining – Complete Technical Guide with Calculation Method (2026) Drilling & Blasting Cost per Ton is one of the most critical performance indicators in both surface and underground mining operations. It directly affects mine profitability, production efficiency, fragmentation quality, equipment performance, and overall operating cost. In this professional mining engineering guide, we will break down drilling and blasting economics using real-world formulas, technical logic, practical examples, and proven cost optimization strategies used across global mining projects. Why Drilling & Blasting Cost per Ton Matters in the Mining Industry Drilling and blasting is the first production stage in hard rock mining. Any inefficiency here multiplies cost across loading, hauling, crushing, and processing. Controls rock fragmentation Impacts excavator productivity Reduces crusher energy consumption Determines overall mine profitabil...

Blasting & Explosives MCQ Questions - Part 04 💥 Blasting & Explosives MCQ Questions - Part 04 46. A “misfire” in blasting means: A. Excessive vibration B. Failure of charge to detonate C. Overbreak D. Under-charging Show Answer Answer: B. Failure of charge to detonate 47. Misfires must be handled after waiting for: A. 15 min B. 30 min C. 1 hour D. 4 hours Show Answer Answer: B. 30 min 48. The “misfire report” must be submitted to: A. Manager B. DGMS C. Safety Officer D. Both A and B Show Answer Answer: D. Both A and B 49. Most common environmental impact of blasting is: A. Water pollution B. Air pollution by dust and fumes C. Noise and vibration D. All of the above Show Answer Answer: D. All of the above 50. Permitted maximum vibration level for residential area is: A. 10 mm/s B. 25 mm/s C. 50 mm/s D. 100 mm/s Show Answer Answer: B. 25 mm/s 5...

Blasting & Explosives MCQ Questions - Part 05 (Final) 💥 Blasting & Explosives MCQ Questions - Part 05 (Final) 61. DGMS approval for permitted explosives is given after: A. Gallery test B. Field trial C. Laboratory analysis D. All of the above Show Answer Answer: D. All of the above 62. Shotfirer renewal certificate is valid for: A. 1 year B. 2 years C. 3 years D. 5 years Show Answer Answer: C. 3 years 63. Explosive audit in mines is carried out to: A. Verify stocks B. Ensure compliance with safety rules C. Avoid pilferage/theft D. All of the above Show Answer Answer: D. All of the above 64. Rescue teams in explosive accident must first: A. Save equipment B. Ensure site safety and possible gas detection C. Rush inside immediately D. Collect logbook Show Answer Answer: B. Ensure site safety and possible gas detection 65. The principal document for recording...

Blasting & Explosives MCQ Questions - Part 02 💥 Blasting & Explosives MCQ Questions - Part 02 16. Safety fuse burns at an approximate rate of: A. 30 sec/m B. 60 sec/m C. 90 sec/m D. 120 sec/m Show Answer Answer: B. 60 sec/m 17. Delay detonators are used to: A. Prevent misfire B. Achieve sequential blasting C. Increase VOD D. Reduce stemming length Show Answer Answer: B. Achieve sequential blasting 18. Cordtex is a type of: A. Electric detonator B. Non-electric detonator C. Detonating fuse D. Blasting machine Show Answer Answer: C. Detonating fuse 19. Foreman's signal before blasting is usually: A. One whistle B. Two whistles C. Siren or whistle signals as per bye-laws D. No signal required Show Answer Answer: C. Siren or whistle signals as per bye-laws 20. Connecting detonator wires should always be: A. Twisted tightly with bare hands B. Properly i...

Blasting & Explosives MCQ Questions - Part 03 💥 Blasting & Explosives MCQ Questions - Part 03 31. The term “burden” in blasting refers to: A. Depth of borehole B. Distance between row of holes and free face C. Length of stemming D. Spacing between holes Show Answer Answer: B. Distance between row of holes and free face 32. “Spacing” in a blast pattern means: A. Gap between rows B. Distance between adjacent holes in a row C. Depth of hole D. Height of bench Show Answer Answer: B. Distance between adjacent holes in a row 33. V-Pattern (or “chevron”) blasting is effective for: A. Wide benches B. Tunnels/headings C. Vertical shafts D. Stowing galleries Show Answer Answer: B. Tunnels/headings 34. Staggered blast pattern helps to: A. Increase ground vibrations B. Reduce fly rock C. Improve rock fragmentation D. Both B and C Show Answer Answer: D. Both B and C ...

Blasting & Explosives MCQ Questions - Part 01 💥 Blasting & Explosives MCQ Questions - Part 01 1. The primary purpose of blasting in mines is: A. To ventilate mine B. To break rock/coal C. To drain water D. To cool air Show Answer Answer: B. To break rock/coal 2. The velocity of detonation (VOD) of permitted explosives is usually: A. 1000–1500 m/s B. 2000–4000 m/s C. 5000–7000 m/s D. Above 8000 m/s Show Answer Answer: B. 2000–4000 m/s 3. The main oxidiser used in ANFO explosive is: A. Sodium nitrate B. Ammonium nitrate C. Potassium chlorate D. Calcium nitrate Show Answer Answer: B. Ammonium nitrate 4. Detonating fuse generally contains: A. TNT core B. PETN core C. Gunpowder core D. ANFO core Show Answer Answer: B. PETN core 5. Electric detonators work by: A. Flame heating B. Electric current heating bridge wire C. Manual striking D. Gas pressure Show...